在落實碳達峰、碳中和目標中彰顯電網企業戰略支撐作用

孟振平

（中國南(nan)方電網有限責任(ren)公司(si)黨組書記、董(dong)事長）

日前(qian)召(zhao)開的中(zhong)央財經委員會(hui)第九次會(hui)議強調，我國力(li)爭(zheng)2030年前(qian)實現碳(tan)達峰，2060年前(qian)實現碳(tan)中(zhong)和(he)(he)，是黨(dang)中(zhong)央經過(guo)深思(si)熟慮作出的重大(da)戰略決策，事關中(zhong)華民(min)族永續(xu)發(fa)展和(he)(he)構建人類(lei)命(ming)運(yun)共同體。南方電(dian)網公(gong)司深入(ru)貫徹(che)落實習近(jin)平(ping)總書(shu)記重要講話(hua)精神和(he)(he)黨(dang)中(zhong)央決策部署(shu)，堅(jian)持在大(da)局下行動、為全(quan)局作貢獻，全(quan)面融入(ru)、全(quan)力(li)服務碳(tan)達峰、碳(tan)中(zhong)和(he)(he)目標實現。

深刻認識能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)電(dian)力(li)(li)(li)綠色低碳(tan)發(fa)展對于實現碳(tan)達(da)峰、碳(tan)中(zhong)和目標的(de)(de)關鍵(jian)作用(yong)。能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)活動是當前碳(tan)排(pai)(pai)放(fang)的(de)(de)最主要來源(yuan)(yuan)，2020年我國(guo)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)消(xiao)費產(chan)生的(de)(de)二氧化碳(tan)排(pai)(pai)放(fang)占(zhan)總(zong)(zong)排(pai)(pai)放(fang)量的(de)(de)88%左右，而電(dian)力(li)(li)(li)行(xing)業的(de)(de)二氧化碳(tan)排(pai)(pai)放(fang)量占(zhan)了能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)行(xing)業排(pai)(pai)放(fang)總(zong)(zong)量的(de)(de)近一半，電(dian)力(li)(li)(li)行(xing)業減排(pai)(pai)進(jin)程直接影響碳(tan)達(da)峰、碳(tan)中(zhong)和整體(ti)進(jin)程。因此(ci)，實現碳(tan)達(da)峰、碳(tan)中(zhong)和目標，必須(xu)加快構建以新能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)為主體(ti)的(de)(de)新型(xing)電(dian)力(li)(li)(li)系(xi)統，構建清潔低碳(tan)安全高效的(de)(de)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)體(ti)系(xi)，通過(guo)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)電(dian)力(li)(li)(li)綠色低碳(tan)發(fa)展引領經濟社會(hui)系(xi)統性變(bian)革。作為連接電(dian)力(li)(li)(li)行(xing)業上下游的(de)(de)紐帶和平臺，南(nan)方電(dian)網公司將(jiang)堅定不移走(zou)生態(tai)優先、綠色低碳(tan)的(de)(de)高質量發(fa)展道路，全力(li)(li)(li)服務廣(guang)東、廣(guang)西、云南(nan)、貴州、海南(nan)等(deng)南(nan)方五省區(qu)及港澳(ao)地(di)區(qu)及早(zao)實現碳(tan)達(da)峰、碳(tan)中(zhong)和目標。

深入(ru)貫徹“四個(ge)革(ge)命、一個(ge)合作”能源(yuan)(yuan)安全新戰(zhan)略，南(nan)方(fang)電(dian)網推(tui)動(dong)能源(yuan)(yuan)綠(lv)色低碳轉型敢為人先(xian)、蹄疾步穩。能源(yuan)(yuan)結構(gou)轉型成(cheng)效顯著，非化石能源(yuan)(yuan)裝(zhuang)機、電(dian)量占(zhan)比(bi)連(lian)續五(wu)年(nian)超(chao)過(guo)50%，遠超(chao)國(guo)(guo)內平均(jun)水(shui)平，位居(ju)世(shi)界(jie)前列(lie)。清潔能源(yuan)(yuan)消(xiao)納(na)水(shui)平領跑全國(guo)(guo)，水(shui)能利用(yong)(yong)率(lv)(lv)超(chao)過(guo)99.5%，風電(dian)、光伏(fu)發電(dian)利用(yong)(yong)率(lv)(lv)均(jun)達(da)99.7%，基本實(shi)現全額消(xiao)納(na)。深入(ru)推(tui)進(jin)國(guo)(guo)家西電(dian)東(dong)(dong)送(song)(song)戰(zhan)略，建成(cheng)“八條交流(liu)、十一條直(zhi)流(liu)”的西電(dian)東(dong)(dong)送(song)(song)大通道(dao)，送(song)(song)電(dian)規模(mo)超(chao)5800萬千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)，年(nian)送(song)(song)電(dian)量超(chao)2300億(yi)千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)時，累計送(song)(song)電(dian)量突破2.4萬億(yi)千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)時，相當于減(jian)排(pai)二氧化碳17億(yi)噸(dun)、二氧化硫1200萬噸(dun)。持續推(tui)動(dong)終端(duan)(duan)用(yong)(yong)能清潔化，“十三五(wu)”累計實(shi)現替代電(dian)量約1000億(yi)千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)時，2020年(nian)南(nan)方(fang)五(wu)省區電(dian)能占(zhan)終端(duan)(duan)能源(yuan)(yuan)消(xiao)費(fei)比(bi)重達(da)32%。科(ke)技(ji)創新成(cheng)果豐(feng)碩，投產(chan)世(shi)界(jie)首(shou)個(ge)特高壓多端(duan)(duan)柔性直(zhi)流(liu)輸電(dian)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)——昆柳龍直(zhi)流(liu)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)，“特高壓±800千(qian)(qian)伏(fu)直(zhi)流(liu)輸電(dian)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)”榮獲國(guo)(guo)家科(ke)學技(ji)術進(jin)步獎(jiang)特等獎(jiang)。積極推(tui)動(dong)電(dian)力體制(zhi)(zhi)改(gai)革(ge)，在全國(guo)(guo)率(lv)(lv)先(xian)啟動(dong)輸配電(dian)價改(gai)革(ge)、率(lv)(lv)先(xian)以股份制(zhi)(zhi)模(mo)式(shi)組(zu)建電(dian)力交易(yi)機構(gou)，建立全國(guo)(guo)第一個(ge)電(dian)力現貨(huo)市場(chang)，市場(chang)化電(dian)量占(zhan)比(bi)全國(guo)(guo)領先(xian)。在各方(fang)共同努力下，南(nan)方(fang)五(wu)省區2020年(nian)單位GDP電(dian)力二氧化碳排(pai)放較2005年(nian)下降51%，為實(shi)現碳達(da)峰(feng)、碳中(zhong)和(he)目標奠定了堅實(shi)基礎。

“十四五”是碳達(da)峰的關鍵期、窗口期，南方電(dian)網公司將堅定不移貫(guan)徹新發展理念(nian)，積極推進能源電(dian)力行(xing)業盡早(zao)達(da)峰，大力支持有條件(jian)的省(sheng)區率先達(da)峰。重點做好五個方面工作：

一是大(da)力支持(chi)非(fei)化(hua)石能(neng)源發(fa)展，推(tui)動(dong)能(neng)源供給側(ce)結構(gou)轉型。推(tui)動(dong)新能(neng)源集中(zhong)式與分布式并(bing)舉(ju)發(fa)展，設(she)(she)立海(hai)上風(feng)(feng)電(dian)(dian)服(fu)(fu)務(wu)公司，主動(dong)融入(ru)和(he)服(fu)(fu)務(wu)海(hai)上風(feng)(feng)電(dian)(dian)發(fa)展，統籌推(tui)進風(feng)(feng)光水火儲一體(ti)化(hua)能(neng)源基(ji)地建(jian)設(she)(she)。深入(ru)推(tui)進水電(dian)(dian)綠(lv)色開發(fa)和(he)沿海(hai)核電(dian)(dian)安全穩妥發(fa)展。加快抽水蓄能(neng)電(dian)(dian)站規劃建(jian)設(she)(she)，積極(ji)推(tui)進城市(shi)中(zhong)心調(diao)峰氣電(dian)(dian)規劃建(jian)設(she)(she)，推(tui)動(dong)火電(dian)(dian)靈活性改造，加快電(dian)(dian)化(hua)學儲能(neng)規模化(hua)應(ying)用，提(ti)升電(dian)(dian)力系(xi)統調(diao)節(jie)能(neng)力。到2030年，南方(fang)五省區新能(neng)源新增(zeng)裝(zhuang)機(ji)2億千瓦左右(you)，非(fei)化(hua)石能(neng)源裝(zhuang)機(ji)占比提(ti)升至65%，發(fa)電(dian)(dian)量占比提(ti)升至61%。

二是全面服(fu)(fu)務能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)消(xiao)(xiao)費(fei)方式變革，推(tui)動能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)利用(yong)效(xiao)能(neng)(neng)提升(sheng)。加快推(tui)動“新(xin)電(dian)氣化(hua)”進(jin)程，到2030年(nian)，助力(li)南方五省(sheng)區電(dian)能(neng)(neng)占終(zhong)端能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)消(xiao)(xiao)費(fei)比重由2020年(nian)的32%提升(sheng)至38%以上。積極拓展節能(neng)(neng)服(fu)(fu)務，統籌用(yong)戶電(dian)、熱、冷、氣等用(yong)能(neng)(neng)需(xu)求(qiu)(qiu)，實現多種能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)互補運(yun)行，提高能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)綜合利用(yong)效(xiao)率。配(pei)合政府建立(li)完善電(dian)力(li)需(xu)求(qiu)(qiu)響(xiang)應(ying)機制，激勵各類(lei)市場主體(ti)挖掘調(diao)峰(feng)(feng)資(zi)源(yuan)，探索靈活多樣的市場化(hua)需(xu)求(qiu)(qiu)響(xiang)應(ying)交易模式，提升(sheng)電(dian)力(li)系統整體(ti)效(xiao)率和效(xiao)益，到2030年(nian)削減尖峰(feng)(feng)負荷約1500萬千瓦(wa)。

三是加快構建(jian)(jian)現(xian)代化(hua)(hua)電(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)，提升(sheng)(sheng)清潔(jie)能(neng)源資源優(you)化(hua)(hua)配置能(neng)力(li)。發揮區位優(you)勢(shi)，充分(fen)利(li)用國內國際能(neng)源資源，大力(li)推(tui)進(jin)西(xi)電(dian)(dian)東(dong)送、北電(dian)(dian)南送，穩妥推(tui)進(jin)跨境互聯，積(ji)極推(tui)動跨省區輸電(dian)(dian)通道規(gui)劃建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)，打造更大范圍的資源優(you)化(hua)(hua)配置平(ping)臺，爭取2030年(nian)前新(xin)增(zeng)(zeng)受(shou)入電(dian)(dian)力(li)2000萬(wan)千瓦，新(xin)增(zeng)(zeng)區外(wai)送電(dian)(dian)100%為(wei)清潔(jie)能(neng)源。構建(jian)(jian)“合(he)理(li)分(fen)區、柔性(xing)互聯、安(an)全(quan)可控(kong)、開放(fang)互濟(ji)”的南方電(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)主網(wang)(wang)(wang)架，打造世(shi)界一(yi)流的粵(yue)港澳大灣區、深圳先(xian)行示范區、海南自由貿易港電(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)，推(tui)進(jin)城市電(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)升(sheng)(sheng)級(ji)，全(quan)面建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)現(xian)代農村電(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)，推(tui)動電(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)數字化(hua)(hua)轉型和智能(neng)化(hua)(hua)調(diao)控(kong)，優(you)化(hua)(hua)電(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)調(diao)度(du)運行方式，提升(sheng)(sheng)電(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)的靈活(huo)性(xing)和適應性(xing)，最(zui)大程度(du)消納可再(zai)生(sheng)能(neng)源。開展(zhan)(zhan)以綠電(dian)(dian)為(wei)核(he)心的碳達(da)峰、碳中(zhong)和示范區建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)。實(shi)施綠色電(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)，推(tui)動電(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)設(she)(she)(she)施與(yu)環境融合(he)發展(zhan)(zhan)，實(shi)現(xian)線損(sun)管理(li)精益化(hua)(hua)，降低自身碳排放(fang)水(shui)平(ping)。

四是推動低(di)碳(tan)新(xin)(xin)技術(shu)(shu)(shu)創(chuang)新(xin)(xin)發展，服(fu)務(wu)構建(jian)低(di)碳(tan)新(xin)(xin)模(mo)式、新(xin)(xin)業(ye)態。實(shi)施高比例新(xin)(xin)能源接入電(dian)(dian)(dian)網的穩定運行控制技術(shu)(shu)(shu)、特高壓直流輸電(dian)(dian)(dian)技術(shu)(shu)(shu)等關(guan)(guan)鍵技術(shu)(shu)(shu)攻(gong)關(guan)(guan)，開(kai)展電(dian)(dian)(dian)化學(xue)儲能、氫儲能等技術(shu)(shu)(shu)攻(gong)關(guan)(guan)及工(gong)程示范(fan)，保(bao)障清潔能源規模(mo)開(kai)發、經(jing)濟消納。深挖電(dian)(dian)(dian)力系統調(diao)(diao)峰(feng)潛力，聚合電(dian)(dian)(dian)動汽(qi)車調(diao)(diao)節潛力，加(jia)快研(yan)究構建(jian)虛(xu)擬電(dian)(dian)(dian)廠(chang)，提升電(dian)(dian)(dian)網靈活調(diao)(diao)節能力。聚焦國家重大戰略和行業(ye)科技前沿，設立能源低(di)碳(tan)發展研(yan)究機構，加(jia)快低(di)碳(tan)實(shi)驗(yan)室建(jian)設，培育國家級技術(shu)(shu)(shu)創(chuang)新(xin)(xin)平臺。

五是推(tui)動(dong)(dong)南方區域統一(yi)(yi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)市(shi)場(chang)(chang)建(jian)(jian)設(she)，服(fu)務構建(jian)(jian)適應低(di)(di)(di)碳發展的體制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)機(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。深化(hua)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)體制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)改革，建(jian)(jian)立(li)健全跨省區清潔能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)消納機(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，加快建(jian)(jian)設(she)南方區域統一(yi)(yi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)市(shi)場(chang)(chang)，推(tui)動(dong)(dong)有(you)效市(shi)場(chang)(chang)和(he)(he)有(you)為政府更(geng)好結合(he)。推(tui)動(dong)(dong)進一(yi)(yi)步(bu)優化(hua)完(wan)善輸(shu)配電(dian)(dian)(dian)價定價機(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，研究完(wan)善抽水(shui)蓄能(neng)(neng)、調(diao)峰火電(dian)(dian)(dian)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)化(hua)學儲能(neng)(neng)等(deng)調(diao)節性電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)價和(he)(he)成本(ben)疏導(dao)機(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。探索建(jian)(jian)立(li)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)低(di)(di)(di)碳發展指標體系(xi)，推(tui)動(dong)(dong)完(wan)善綠色電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)證書(shu)交易(yi)市(shi)場(chang)(chang)建(jian)(jian)設(she)，積極參與用能(neng)(neng)權(quan)、碳排放權(quan)市(shi)場(chang)(chang)建(jian)(jian)設(she)，有(you)效促進社會(hui)的低(di)(di)(di)碳發展。

實(shi)(shi)現(xian)(xian)碳(tan)達峰、碳(tan)中(zhong)和(he)是一場硬(ying)仗。南方電網公司將(jiang)在以習近平(ping)同志為(wei)核心的(de)黨中(zhong)央(yang)堅強(qiang)領導下(xia)，不斷增(zeng)強(qiang)抓好綠色低碳(tan)發(fa)展(zhan)的(de)本領，切實(shi)(shi)扛起責(ze)任，只爭(zheng)朝夕、努力奮斗,為(wei)我(wo)國實(shi)(shi)現(xian)(xian)碳(tan)達峰、碳(tan)中(zhong)和(he)目標(biao)，全面(mian)建設社(she)會(hui)主(zhu)義(yi)現(xian)(xian)代化國家(jia)作出新的(de)更大(da)貢獻(xian)。